In Vitro Regeneration Of Virus-Free Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) İn Some Commercial Cultivars

Abstract

Commercial cultivars of grapevines (Vitis vivifera L.) are very susceptible to virus diseases. The objective of this work was to determine the usefulness of in vitro meristem culture to obtain virus-free grapevine plants 5 cultivars of Iranian native grapevine. Cuttings from infected
grapevines were rooted in perlite media. Afterward, the apical meristems from the shoots of rooted cuttings were excised (0.1-0.2 mm) and transferred to fresh 1/2MS medium with 0.5 mgL-1 of BAP and grown in a culture room until they developed into entire plants. Control plants
from infected rooted cuttings and shoot tip culture were assessed for their virus status using RT-PCR mhetod. Results showed control plants derived from cuttings remained virus infected. However, all the meristem-derived plants were virus-free. Visual inspections as well as results
of RT-PCR, using virus-specific oligonucleotide primers, showed that plants developed in vitro were free from grapevine fanleaf virus, grape leafroll associated virus-1, and grape leafroll associated virus-3 infections. Shoot doubling time was in Fakhri 4, Peykani 4.14, Sultana 4.08,
Asgari 4.15 and Shaste Arous 4.11 shoot per 30 days. The used method had high reliable in the propagation and production of disease-free plant. The in vitro derived shoots were pretreated with 1 mgL-1 IBA, and then directly potted, which caused significant enhancement in root number per shoot; therefore, the time needed for plantlet regeneration was shortened. There was no significant difference between the five cultivars regarding the measured traits.