Writing Rules
PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPT
General format: The complete paper has to be written preferably in Rich Text Format or in an MS-Word 2003 compatible file, with a maximum of 30 pages including text, figures, and tables. Page size: A4, margins: 3 cm on each side, line spacing: single, font type: Times New Roman.
The order of the material should be as follows: Title, Author(s), ABSTRACT, Keywords, Main text (INTRODUCTION, MATERIALS AND METHODS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION), Acknowledgements (if any), REFERENCES, Appendix (if any). This structure of the main text is not obligatory, but the paper must be logically presented. Footnotes should be avoided. The main text must be written with font size 12, justify, first indent 0.5 cm. Within each main section, two levels of subheadings are available and the titles must be bold, bold and italic, italic respectively.
The manuscript should contain the whole text, figures, tables, and explanations according to the followings:
Title: Should be brief and informative. The title should reflect the most important aspects of the article, in a preferably concise form of not more than 100 characters and spaces. Font size 14, capital letters, center alignment.
By-line: Names (size 11, small capital) of the authors. No inclusion of scientific titles is necessary. In the case of two or more authors, place their names in the same row, separate them with a hyphen (not with a comma) and please indicate the corresponding author with * in superscript. Authors from different institutions must be labeled with numbers in superscript after the names. Addresses of the authors, phone and fax number and e-mail should be also given (size 11, italic).
Abstract: Required for all manuscripts in which the problem, the principal results, and conclusions are summarised. The abstract must be self-explanatory, preferably typed in one paragraph and limited to max. 200-250 words. It should not contain formulas, references or abbreviations. Size 10, only the word Abstract. bold, justify.
Later, also the Acknowledgements (if any) should be written in this format.
Keywords: Keywords should not exceed five, not including items appearing in the title. The keywords should be supplied indicating the scope of the paper. Size 10, italic, justify, only the word Keywords must be bold.
The authors should include Abbreviations and Nomenclature listings when necessary.
Introduction: The introduction must clearly state the problem, the reason for doing the work, the hypotheses or theoretical predictions under consideration and the essential background. It should not contain equations or mathematical notation. Section numbering and headings begin here. A brief survey of the relevant literature, so that a non-specialist reader could understand the significance of the presented results.
Materials and methods: Provide sufficient details to permit the repetition of the experimental work. The technical description of methods should be given when such methods are new.
Results and discussion: Results should be presented concisely. Only in exceptional cases will it be permissible to present the same set of results in both table and figure. Discussion point out the significance of the results and place the results in the context of other work and theoretical background. Results and discussion part could be written separately if you wish
Acknowledgments: (if any) These should be placed in a separate paragraph at the end of the text, immediately before the list of references. It may include funding information too. Font size 10, the word Acknowledgements. is bold.
Permissions: Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format, and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
References: In the text, references should be cited in by number as [1]. If you need more than one citation, you should place the references as [2, 3, 4].
If you need to cite without parenthesis, use this example:
As previously reported by Simsek et al. [5].
Cite only essential resources, avoid citing unpublished material. References to papers "in press" must mean that the article has been accepted for publication.
At the end of the paper list references by ordering the numbers. Please, list only those references that are cited in the text and prepare this list as an automatically numbered list. The word References with size 11, bold, capital letters, center alignment. Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list.
The list should contain names and initials of all of the authors.
Examples:
For book references give the author(s), year of publication, title, publisher, city, and country.
[1] Podani, J. (1994): Multivariate Data Analysis in Ecology and Systematics. SPB Publishing, The Hague, The Netherland
or
[2] Thompson, J. N. (1984): Insect Diversity and the Trophic Structure of Communities. In: Huffaker, C. B. (ed.) Ecological Entomology, Wiley-Interscience, New York, USA
For journal references indicate the author(s), year of publication, the title of the paper, the title of the journal, volume number, first and last page.
[3] Simsek, O., Tas, M. N. (2018): Effect of Drought Stress in In Vitro and Drought Related Gene Expression in Carrizo Citrange. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27: 9167–9171.
[4] Akita, M., Takayama, S. (1994): Stimulation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuberization by Semi Continuous Liquid Medium Surface Level Control. Plant Cell Report 13: 184-187.
For references to working papers or dissertations cite the author, title, type of document, department, university, and location.
For thesis indicate the author, year of publication, the title of the thesis, title of the university and faculty, city and country.
[5] Author, N. N. (Year): Title of Thesis. University and Faculty, City, Country
Figures: All photographs, graphs and diagrams should be numbered consecutively (e.g. Fig. 1) in the order in which they are referred in the text. Caption must appear below the figure (size 12, italic) and should be sufficiently detailed to enable to understand apart from the text. The style Fig. 1. 10 Figure Titles should be used, which also contains the serial number of the given figure (since it is a listing), so consecutive numbers of figures will be generated automatically. Thus, you don’t need to number them manually.
Explanation of lettering and symbols should be given also in the caption and only exceptionally in the figures. Figures should be of good quality and preferably in black and white. Figures should be designed to fit the text area and must be embedded. In addition, authors are requested to submit each figure also as an image file in one of the following formats: pcx, bmp, tif, wmf, jpg or eps.
Tables: Tables should be self-explanatory. They should be mentioned in the text, numbered consecutively (e.g. Table 1) and accompanied by title at the top (size 12, italic). For the title of Tables use: Table 1. 11 Table Titles, which style also contains the serial number of the given table (since it is a listing), so consecutive numbers of tables will be generated automatically. In this case you don’t need to number them manually.
Each column should carry a brief, appropriate heading. Use Style 14 Table Text Bold for headings and 14 Table Text for data. Tables will be reproducted in the journal in the format presented in the final submission. Please insert all the tables in the text, do not enclose huge tables which can not be fit within the page margins.
Tables and figures, including caption, title, column heads, and footnotes, must not exceed 15 × 20 cm and should be no smaller than 8 cm in width. For all tables, please use Word’s “Create Table” feature, with no tabbed text or tables created with spaces and drawn lines.
Mathematical expressions: In general minimize unusual typographical requirements, use solidus, built-up fractions. Avoid lengthy equations that will take several lines (possibly by defining terms of the equation in separate displays). For drawing equations please use the Equation Editor of Word. Make subscripts and superscripts clear. The letter l and the number 1, the letter O and the number 0, which are identical on most keyboards, should be identified clearly. The meaning of the symbols and the difference between upper and lower case letters should be defined. Display only those mathematical expressions that must be numbered for later reference or that need to be emphasized. Number displayed equations consecutively throughout the paper. The numbers should be placed in parentheses to the right of the equation e.g. ( Eqn. 1), which is generated automatically by the Style: 12 Equation Numbers.
Proofreading: The purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors, and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor. Proofs will be sent to the corresponding author for final approval and must be returned within 72 hours of receipt.
You can use the template article. Please click to download the template article.
Copyright transfer form should be submitted via the online system with the manuscript submission. Please click to download the Copyright Transfer Form.
